根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果，患兒相似的姓名和醫(yī)療檔案數(shù)量的增加，常常導(dǎo)致新生兒重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室(NICUs)嬰兒誤認(rèn)的可能大大增加。

這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在2006年1月的《兒科學(xué)》，研究人員研究了Beth Israse Deaconess醫(yī)學(xué)中心(Boston, MA, USA)1年內(nèi)1,260例新生兒共計(jì)12,186天患者護(hù)理記錄。每例被調(diào)查的兒童平均在監(jiān)護(hù)室中度過(guò)9天～10天的時(shí)間。1例患者日被認(rèn)為面臨誤認(rèn)的危險(xiǎn)，當(dāng)這個(gè)指標(biāo)患者與當(dāng)天NICU另外一個(gè)患者的姓氏相同、姓氏發(fā)音相似、或者醫(yī)療檔案號(hào)(MRN)相似。后續(xù)的MRNs分配結(jié)果在許多醫(yī)院意味著在相對(duì)較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)入NICU的患者具有相似的MRNs，而這會(huì)由于多次生育而產(chǎn)生的難題。

研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒(méi)有一天不存在患者身份誤認(rèn)的危險(xiǎn)。最常見(jiàn)的原因是相似的MRNs (44%患者日)。同樣的姓氏在34%的患者日中存在，發(fā)音相似在9.7% 患者日中存在。雙胞胎和三胞胎在NICU中在三分之一的患者日中存在。

Infants Often Mis-identified in Intensive Care
 
Similarities in patients’ names and medical record numbers lead to a high potential for infant mis-identification in neonatal intensive care units NICUs), according to a recent study.

In the study, published in the January 2006 edition of Pediatrics, researchers studied 12,186 days of patient care for 1,260 newborns at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA, USA) during one calendar year. Each surveyed child spent an average of nine to 10 days in intensive care. A patient day was considered at risk for mis-identification when the index patient shared a surname, similar-sounding surname, or similar medical record number (MRN) with another patient cared for in the NICU on that day. The sequential nature by which MRNs are assigned in many hospitals means that patients who are admitted to the NICU within a relatively short time frame are at highest risk for sharing similar MRNs, a problem exacerbated by multiple births.

The results found that not a single day was free of risk for patient mis-identification. The most common cause of mis-identification risk was similar-appearing MRNs (44% of patient days). Identical surnames were present in 34% of patient days, and similar-sounding names were present in 9.7% of days. Twins and triplets contributed one third of patient days in the NICU.